When children do not have their basic needs for emotional attachment met they tend to have trouble developing relationships as adults. Overall, doctors should not be able to explain RAD symptoms by any other medical cause.Reactive attachment disorder stems from neglect or abuse as a child. But those living with depression can and will still seek and receive comfort. Likewise, a child with RAD may seem to be depressed. Specifically, although kids with RAD may exhibit some ASD symptoms, they may lack others, like routine adherence and sensory processing differences characteristic of ASD. It’s important to rule out ASD, as research says symptoms overlap, followed by intellectual disability (ID). These factors help doctors look at other possible diagnoses while performing a differential diagnosis. does not meet the criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD).withdrawal and lack of comfort-seeking behavior is the result of insufficient care.Here are some additional criteria the child must meet: These criteria help avoid the possibility of an inaccurate diagnosis and increase the chances of implementing effective treatment. In addition to the child’s background and behavior, there are other factors doctors must assess before making a RAD diagnosis. A child may have never had a stable upbringing or may have been subject to abuse or neglect in their own home. Many different backgrounds can give rise to this insufficient care. an environment where the ability to form selective attachments is discouraged or limited.repeated changeover of caregivers so the child is unable to form stable emotional attachments.social neglect through ongoing lack of meeting emotional needs for comfort, stimulation, and affection by adult caregivers.The child must have experienced one of the following: That lack of care may have happened in the child’s own home, foster care, or an institutional setting like an orphanage. Insufficient care is assumed to be the reason for the child’s lack of seeking comfort - and lack of response to it. Background of insufficient careĭoctors diagnose RAD not just from symptoms but based on what the child has experienced in their life. The child may also have extreme responses to stress. They may have unexplained bouts of negative emotion, even when their child is safe and cared for from a parent’s perspective. The child has unexplained irritability, sadness, or fearfulness, even when not feeling threatened.Ĭhildren with RAD may rarely appear joyful or engage in healthy play with other kids.The child rarely interacts socially or emotionally with others.To meet the DSM-5 criteria, at least two of three criteria must be met: When parents or adults offer reassurance or compassion, they rarely respond.īoth of these must occur for the RAD diagnosis:Ĭhildren with RAD have different social interactions and emotional behaviors than children without the diagnosis. When the child experiences distress, they won’t seek comfort from caregivers. Emotionally withdrawn behavior toward caregiversĪ child with RAD will have a pattern of being emotionally withdrawn or inhibited. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM 5) outlines specific criteria for a RAD diagnosis. Before arriving at a diagnosis of RAD, doctors eliminate the possibility of other mental health and medical conditions. They also have experienced abuse or extreme neglect in early childhood, resulting in these behaviors. Children with RAD display specific behavior that is different from other kids of the same developmental age.
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